Figure 5

p38 MAPK activation accelerates the liberation of ciliated plates in transforming S. mansoni larvae. Cultures of larvae were exposed to (A) SB 203580 or (B) anisomycin, during transformation in vitro and the proportion of fully-ciliated parasites determined by microscopic examination over 50 h, compared to CBSS controls. Values shown are means (± SEM, n = 90 for each time point and each treatment from three independent experiments). *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ***P ≤ 0.001.