Figure 3
Cadmium and arsenite activate JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK via toxicant-induced oxidative stress. Cells were plated as in Fig. 1. Thirty minutes before the treatments, 1 ml of DSFM or 1 ml of 60 mM buffered NAC in DSFM (pH 7.3; final concentration 30 mM) were added per well as indicated. Cells were harvested for MAP kinase phosphorylation analyses 2 hours after the indicated concentrations of CdCl2 or NaAsO2 and 30 min after the indicated concentrations of sorbitol. Control (without NAC-pretreatment, lane 1, or with NAC-pretreatment, lane 10) cells were harvested at the same time as the CdCl2- and NaAsO2-treated cells. D-actin was detected as loading control. An experiment representative of 3 repetitions is shown.