Figure 2

High glucose-induced CTGF upregulation in HUVSMC is dependent on TGF-β. HUVSMC cells were co-treated with high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L) and a TGF-β neutralizing antibody (Ab; 10 μg/mL) for 24 hours. (a) Q-PCR results: CTGF mRNA expression was assayed by Q-PCR. Experiments were performed five times with the similar results (n = 5 in each group). * P < 0.05 vs normal glucose (NG). # P < 0.05 vs TGF-β 1. (b) Representative Western blot of 3 performed experiments (top) and values of total CTGF production (mean ± SEM, bottom). * P < 0.05 vs NG. # P < 0.05 vs TGF-β1. NG: normal glucose; HG: high glucose; TGF-β1: TGF-β1 treatment (10 ng/mL); Ab-TGF-β1: TGF-β neutralizing antibody treatment.