Pannexin channel and connexin hemichannel expression in vascular function and inflammation

Table 1 Expression pattern of connexin and pannexin isoforms in vivo along the vascular tree. EC: endothelial cells; SMC: smooth muscle cells. ‘no’ indicates that a protein has yet to be identified in those size vessels, not that the protein is necessarily absent. Expression pattern varies between vascular beds

Protein	Large Arteries	Resistance Arteries and Arterioles	Capillaries	Post-Capillary Venules and Venules	Veins	References
Endothelial Cell Expression
Cx32	only in isolated primary cell line	only in isolated primary cell line	no	no (low levels in primary human cell lines)	yes	[43]
Cx37	yes	yes	yes	downstream side of valved-veins and in some ECs of the wall of non-valved veins	downstream side of valved-veins and in some ECs of the wall of non-valved veins	[28–30, 33, 36–39]
Cx40	yes	yes	no	no	generally no	[28, 29, 32, 33, 36, 37, 39]
Cx43	predominately areas of non-laminar flow	yes	yes	upstream side of valved-veins and in some ECs of the wall of non-valved veins	upstream side of valved-veins and in some ECs of the wall of non-valved veins	[28–30, 32, 33, 35–39]
Cx45	yes	no	no	no	no	[41, 42]
Cx47	no	no	no	only subset of ECs that compose the valves	only subset of ECs that compose the valves	[38]
Panx1	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	[35, 44–46]
Panx2	yes	yes	no	no	no	[44, 46]
Panx3	no	<100 μm diameter	no	no	no	[44, 45]
Smooth Muscle Cell Expression
Cx32	no	no		no	no	[43]
Cx37	yes	yes		no	yes	[30, 33, 36, 37]
Cx40	no	generally no		no	no	[32]
Cx43	yes	yes		no	yes	[28, 30, 32, 33, 35–37]
Cx45	yes	yes		yes	no	[28, 33, 37, 42]
Cx47	no	no		no	no	[38]
Panx1	no	yes		yes	no	[44–46]
Panx2	yes	yes		no	no	[44, 46]
Panx3	no	<100 μm diameter		no	no	[44, 45]

ISSN: 2661-8850