Fig. 4
From: Lipopolysaccharide induces bacterial autophagy in epithelial keratinocytes of the gingival sulcus
LC3 expression in exfoliative sulcular keratinocytes. a Immunofluorescence of LC3 expression (red) in exfoliative cells from gingival sulcus (Sulcular) and free (Free) gingiva. The nucleus was stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). Arrows, LC3-positive autophagosomes. Bar = 20 μm. b Quantitative analysis of percentage of LC3-positive cells in exfoliative cells from gingival sulcus and free gingiva. Mean number of the percentage of LC3-positive cells ± SD from five independent studies. *Significantly different at P < 0.05 compared with exfoliative cells from the free gingiva. c Western blotting analysis of LC3 expression in exfoliative cells from gingival sulcus and free gingiva. β-actin (ACTB) was used as a loading control. Band densities were presened as LC3 expression fold-increases (normalized to ACTB) and compared with the results for exfoliative cells from free gingiva. Quantification results are shown below the corresponding blots. All experiments were performed in quadruplicate. d Fluorescent localization of DAPI-positive bacteria (red) and LC3-positive autophagosomes (green) in exfoliative sulcular cells. Arrows, DAPI-positive nuclei (red) in sulcular keratinocytes. Bar = 20 μm