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Table 11 Significant associations of maternal and fetal plasma taurine and tryptophan with offspring body composition up to 5 years

From: Fetal sex modulates placental microRNA expression, potential microRNA-mRNA interactions, and levels of amino acid transporter expression and substrates: INFAT study subpopulation analysis of n-3 LCPUFA intervention during pregnancy and associations with offspring body composition

 

Body composition

variables

 

Model 1

 

Model 2

 

N

beta (95% CI)

P

beta (95% CI)

P

P32-Tau

1 year

Weight (g)

38

−18.34 (−33.69; −2.99)

0.021

−15.03 (−33.47; − 3.41)

0.107

  

Fat mass (g)

38

−3.10 (−8.96; 2.77)

0.291

−2.08 (−9.44; 5.28)

0.570

  

Lean mass (g)

38

−15.24 (−25.83; −4.65)

0.006

−12.95 (−25.41; −0.49)

0.042

 

3 years

Weight (g)

34

−30.90 (−60.30; −1.46)

0.040

−20.89 (−60.27; 18.49)

0.287

  

Fat mass (g)

22

−8.50 (−22.44; 5.43)

0.218

−7.21 (−25.53; 11.12)

0.417

  

Lean mass (g)

22

−20.72 (−49.20; 7.75)

0.145

−14.35 (−52.0; 23.30)

0.431

 

5 years

Weight (g)

32

−42.86 (−95.90; 0.20)

0.051

−39.73 (−95.70; 16.23)

0.156

  

Fat mass (g)

23

−14.78 (−34.58; 5.02)

0.136

−10.41 (−36.21; 15.39)

0.407

  

Lean mass (g)

23

−39.44 (−82.34; 3.45)

0.070

−34.76 (−90.29; 20.76)

0.204

P32-Trp

1 year

Weight (g)

38

48.26 (−15.59; 112.11)

0.134

86.19 (−0.30; 172.08)

0.049

  

Fat mass (g)

38

10.58 (−12.85; 34.02)

0.366

24.49 (−8.67; 57.64)

0.142

  

Lean mass (g)

38

37.68 (−7.45; 82.81)

0.099

61.70 (1.49; 121.91)

0.045

 

3 years

Weight (g)

34

87.12 (−36.64; 210.89)

0.161

158.70 (−9.68; 327.09)

0.064

  

Fat mass (g)

22

53.15 (−8.32; 114.61)

0.086

79.04 (0.22; 157.86)

0.049

  

Lean mass (g)

22

107.09 (−21.06; 235.23)

0.097

211.89 (63.92; 359.87)

0.008

 

5 years

Weight (g)

32

105.16 (−96.10; 306.42)

0.294

257.23 (6.30; 508.16)

0.045

  

Fat mass (g)

23

51.01 (−31.25; 133.26)

0.211

51.72 (−57.67; 161.11)

0.332

  

Lean mass (g)

23

74.75 (−112.21; 261.70)

0.415

181.40 (− 58.58; 421.38)

0.129

UC-Trp

1 year

Weight (g)

33

4.74 (−3.90; 13.36)

0.272

5.90 (− 3.35; 15.14)

0.202

  

Fat mass (g)

33

0.44 (−3.15; 4.03)

0.805

0.67 (− 3.23; 4.57)

0.728

  

Lean mass (g)

33

4.30 (−1.59; 10.19)

0.147

5.23 (− 1.06; 11.51)

0.099

 

3 years

Weight (g)

29

8.83 (−6.74; 24.40)

0.255

9.18 (−7.89; 26.26)

0.277

  

Fat mass (g)

18

7.16 (−1.61; 15.93)

0.103

7.63 (−1.77; 17.03)

0.100

  

Lean mass (g)

18

14.68 (0.83; 28.54)

0.039

15.88 (0.80; 32.55)

0.060

 

5 years

Weight (g)

28

20.36 (−5.80; 46.52)

0.122

27.94 (0.98; 54.90)

0.043

  

Fat mass (g)

20

7.33 (−5.88; 20.53)

0.259

7.98 (−5.53; 20.48)

0.226

  

Lean mass (g)

20

23.19 (3.11; 43.27)

0.026

28.56 (6.58; 50.54)

0.015

  1. Linear regression analyses: summary of significant associations between levels of maternal and fetal plasma taurine (Tau) and tryptophan (Trp) and offspring body composition at 1 year, 3 and 5 years of age. Amino acid levels (μmol/L)-values for maternal plasma at week-32 of gestation (P32) and umbilical cord plasma (UC) were used. Beta (95% CI) values with P-values P < 0.05 are given in bold. Abbreviations: N Sample numbers analyzed, P P-value
  2. Model 1: unadjusted
  3. Model 2: adjusted for respective baseline levels of maternal blood plasma Tau and Trp at week-15 of gestation (P15) before treatment, sex, and group. Adjusted additionally for breastfeeding status (fully, partially breastfeeding/formula) from 1 year