Fig. 4

Flow cytometry analysis of GPCs, Wnt-3a and β-catenin in prostate cancer cell lines. a GPCs, b Wnt-3a, and (c) β-catenin were analyzed in RWPE-1, PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP. GPC1 was assessed in RWPE-1 (blue), PC-3 (green), and DU-145 cells (red), while GPC5 was assessed in LNCaP cells (orange). (1) The positively stained cells for each protein were quantified and plotted. (2) The histograms reveal the distributions of unstained control (unfilled) and stained experimental assessments (filled) of GPCs, Wnt-3a, and β-catenin. Data are plotted as the mean ± s.e.m. Prostate cancer cells were compared to RWPE-1 cells using Dunnett’s test. (n = 2–8). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001)