Fig. 8

Effect of VOA/TMX on proteins of the hypoxic pathway. Hypoxia in cancer cells activated HIF-1α, which enhanced the cellular expression of SREBP-1c and FASN and thus fatty acid synthesis in toxic control. PHD-2 is a negative regulator of HIF-1α, and its expression is downregulated in a hypoxic environment. Treatment with VOA upregulated PHD-2 activity and downregulated HIF-1α and reverted its downstream effects. G1(normal control receives normal saline 2 ml/kg, p.o.); G2 (toxic control receives MNU 50 mg/kg, i.p); G3(MNU 50 mg/kg, i.p. + VOA 1 mg/kg, s.c.); G4 (MNU 50 mg/kg, i.p. + VOA 2 mg/kg, s,c.); G5 (MNU 50 mg/kg, i.p. + TMX 8 mg/kg, p.o.); G6 (MNU 50 mg/kg,i.p. + VOA 1 mg/kg, s.c. + TMX 1 mg/kg s.c.) and G7 (dummy control receives 3% DMSO solution s.c)