Table 3 Expression of genes associated with cellular development and stress (least square means ± standard errors) after 72 h of proliferation

PCNA mRNA

1.66 ± 0.05 ^a

0.93 ± 0.05 ^b

0.55 ± 0.05 ^c

0.49 ± 0.05 ^c

0.85 ± 0.04

0.96 ± 0.04

<  0.001

0.060

0.174

DAD1 mRNA

0.87 ± 0.05

0.78 ± 0.05

0.85 ± 0.05

0.96 ± 0.05

0.83 ± 0.04

0.89 ± 0.04

0.159

0.253

0.415

PPARGC1A mRNA

1.40 ± 0.07 ^a

0.91 ± 0.07 ^b

0.39 ± 0.07 ^c

0.39 ± 0.07 ^c

0.97 ± 0.05

0.57 ± 0.05

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.105

SORBS1 mRNA

0.66 ± 0.07 ^a

0.91 ± 0.07 ^ab

1.14 ± 0.07 ^b

1.12 ± 0.07 ^b

0.97 ± 0.05

0.94 ± 0.05

<  0.001

0.667

0.503

HSP25/27 mRNA

0.81 ± 0.08 ^b

0.80 ± 0.08 ^b

0.79 ± 0.08 ^b

1.50 ± 0.08 ^a

0.94 ± 0.05

1.01 ± 0.05

< 0.001

0.376

0.746

HSP70 mRNA

0.57 ± 0.08 ^b

0.46 ± 0.08 ^b

0.75 ± 0.08 ^b

1.26 ± 0.08 ^a

0.83 ± 0.06

0.68 ± 0.06

<  0.001

0.077

0.260

HSP90 mRNA

0.87 ± 0.06 ^b

0.76 ± 0.06 ^b

0.86 ± 0.06 ^b

1.29 ± 0.06 ^a

0.90 ± 0.04

0.99 ± 0.04

< 0.001

0.139

0.388

HSP70 protein

0.18 ± 0.25 ^b

0.15 ± 0.25 ^b

0.24 ± 0.25 ^b

2.33 ± 0.25 ^a

0.70 ± 0.18

0.76 ± 0.18

<  0.001

0.816

0.999

HSP90 protein

2.23 ± 0.56 ^b

2.59 ± 0.56 ^b

3.96 ± 0.56 ^b

7.09 ± 0.56 ^a

3.97 ± 0.40

3.97 ± 0.40

< 0.001

0.997

0.273

HSF1 protein

5.33 ± 1.55

4.71 ± 1.55

1.63 ± 1.55

2.17 ± 1.55

3.32 ± 1.10

3.60 ± 1.10

0.282

0.855

0.820