Fig. 4

Effect of inhibitors of H⁺-secreting proteins in the oscillating intracellular pH (pH_i) of primary osteoclasts under non-flowing standard HEPES-buffered solution. a. The pH_i oscillations were not abolished by applying a zero Na⁺ solution (0 Na⁺), inhibitor of Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger. b. The pH_i oscillations were not abolished in the presence of concanamycin (Conc.), inhibitor of H⁺-ATPase. (Nig. = nigericin clamps pH_i at 7.0.). c. The pH_i oscillations were not abolished in the presence of NPPB, inhibitor of Clˉ channels. d. The pH_i oscillations were not abolished by applying a zero Clˉ solution (0 Clˉ), inhibitor of Clˉ transporting proteins; however there is a noticeable and progressive intracellular acidification from one cycle to the next following the removal of extracellular Clˉ (0 Clˉ). e. Parameters applied for the analyses of the oscillating pH_i