Extrachromosomal acentric double minutes (DMs) contribute to human malignancy by carrying amplified oncogenes. Recent cancer genomics revealed that the pulverization of defined chromosome arms (chromothripsis)...
The conserved NDR-family kinase Sid2p localizes to the contractile ring during fission yeast cytokinesis to promote ring constriction, septation, and completion of cell division. Previous studies have found th...
Authors: Lois Kwon, Emma M. Magee, Alexis Crayton and John W. Goss
Diapause is a form of dormancy that is genetically predetermined to allow animals to overcome harsh environmental conditions. It is induced by predictive environmental cues bringing cellular activity levels in...
Authors: Luxi Chen, Rosemary E. Barnett, Martin Horstmann, Verena Bamberger, Lea Heberle, Nina Krebs, John K. Colbourne, Rocío Gómez and Linda C. Weiss
TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, can selectively kill cancer cells with little or no cytotoxicity toward normal human cells and is regarded as a potential relatively safe antitum...
Authors: Zhi Lan Guo, Jing Zhe Li, Yan Yan Ma, Dan Qian, Ju Ying Zhong, Meng Meng Jin, Peng Huang, Lu Yang Che, Bing Pan, Yi Wang, Zhen Xiao Sun and Chang Zhen Liu
Dasatinib (Sprycel) was developed as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting Bcr-Abl and the family of Src kinases. Dasatinib is commonly used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic and chronic myelogenous leu...
Authors: Josip Skoko, Jan Rožanc, Emilie M. Charles, Leonidas G. Alexopoulos and Markus Rehm
Within the past years, umbilical cord (UC) and amniotic membrane (AM) expanded in human platelet lysate (PL) have been found to become increasingly candidate of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in preclinical ...
Endothelial cells provide a barrier between blood and tissues, which is regulated to allow molecules and cells in out of tissues. Patients with cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) have dilated leaky blood v...
Authors: Narendra Suryavanshi, Joanna Furmston and Anne J. Ridley
KIF17, a kinesin-2 motor that functions in intraflagellar transport, can regulate the onset of photoreceptor outer segment development. However, the function of KIF17 in a mature photoreceptor remains unclear....
Authors: Tylor R. Lewis, Sean R. Kundinger, Brian A. Link, Christine Insinna and Joseph C. Besharse
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has become one of the most serious complications after reperfusion therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Small ubiquitin-like modification (SUMOylat...
Authors: Bo Xie, Xinyu Liu, Jie Yang, Jinke Cheng, Jianmin Gu and Song Xue
Disruption to the blood brain barrier (BBB) is a leading factor associated with the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Despite this, the underlying mechanism by which BBB disruption pro...
The gap junction protein, Connexin32 (Cx32), is expressed in various tissues including liver, exocrine pancreas, gastrointestinal epithelium, and the glia of the central and peripheral nervous system. Gap junc...
Authors: Sarah R. Alaei, Charles K. Abrams, J. Chloë Bulinski, Elliot L. Hertzberg and Mona M. Freidin
Mitochondrial homeostasis has been increasingly viewed as a potential target of cancer therapy, and mitochondrial fission is a novel regulator of mitochondrial function and apoptosis. The aim of our study was ...
Authors: Sayilaxi Jieensinue, Hong Zhu, Guangcheng Li, Keli Dong, Meiting Liang and Yayue Li
The palmitate analogue 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) is a non-selective membrane tethered cysteine alkylator of many membrane-associated enzymes that in the last years emerged as a general inhibitor of protein S-pal...
Authors: Cassiano Martin Batista, Rafael Luis Kessler, Iriane Eger and Maurilio José Soares
Interactions of resident bacteria and/or their producing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with sulcular epithelial keratinocytes may be regulated by autophagy in the gingival sulcus. In this study, we investigated an ...
Authors: Kanako Hagio-Izaki, Madoka Yasunaga, Masahiro Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Kajiya, Hiromitsu Morita, Masahiro Yoneda, Takao Hirofuji and Jun Ohno
Elevated levels of environmental ionizing radiation can be a selective pressure for wildlife by producing reactive oxygen species and DNA damage. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that are affected ...
Authors: Venla Mustonen, Jenni Kesäniemi, Anton Lavrinienko, Eugene Tukalenko, Tapio Mappes, Phillip C. Watts and Jaana Jurvansuu
TP53 gene mutations occur in more than 50% of human cancers and the vast majority of these mutations in human cancers are missense mutations, which broadly occur in DNA binding domain (DBD) (Amino acids 102–292) ...
Authors: Nan Kang, Yu Wang, Shichao Guo, Yunwei Ou, Guangchao Wang, Jie Chen, Dan Li and Qimin Zhan
Conditional reprogramming has enabled the development of long-lived, normal epithelial cell lines from mice and humans by in vitro culture with ROCK inhibitor on a feeder layer. We applied this technology to m...
Authors: Emily C. Moorefield, R. Eric Blue, Nancy L. Quinney, Martina Gentzsch and Shengli Ding
Tendinopathies are common and difficult to resolve due to the formation of scar tissue that reduces the mechanical integrity of the tissue, leading to frequent reinjury. Tenocytes respond to both excessive loa...
Authors: Anne E. C. Nichols, Robert E. Settlage, Stephen R. Werre and Linda A. Dahlgren
Copines are calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins found in many eukaryotic organisms and are thought to be involved in signaling pathways that regulate a wide variety of cellular processes. Copines a...
Authors: April N. Ilacqua, Janet E. Price, Bria N. Graham, Matthew J. Buccilli, Dexter R. McKellar and Cynthia K. Damer
Adipocyte differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is dependent on mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to initiate adipocyte differentiation. Although anethole has been kn...
Apoptosis, the most well-known type of programmed cell death, can induce in a paracrine manner a proliferative response in neighboring surviving cells called apoptosis-induced proliferation (AiP). While having...
Authors: Ahlima Roumane, Kevin Berthenet, Chaïmaa El Fassi and Gabriel Ichim
Air-liquid interface (Ali) systems allow the establishment of a culture environment more representative of that in vivo than other culture systems. They are useful for performing mechanistic studies of respira...
Low LET Ionizing radiation is known to alter intracellular redox balance by inducing free radical generation, which may cause oxidative modification of various cellular biomolecules. The extent of biomolecule-...
Real-time monitoring of cellular responses to dynamic changes in their environment or to specific treatments has become central to cell biology. However, when coupled to live-cell imaging, such strategies are ...
Authors: Julien Babic, Laurent Griscom, Jeremy Cramer and Damien Coudreuse
Cellular energy failure in high metabolic rate organs is one of the underlying causes for many disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiomyopathies, liver and renal failures. In the past decade, nume...
Authors: Shohreh Majd, John H. T. Power, Timothy K. Chataway and Hugh J. M. Grantham
Rho guanine exchange factors (RhoGEFs) control cellular processes such as migration, adhesion and proliferation. Alternative splicing of the RhoGEF Trio produces TGAT. The RhoGEF TGAT is an oncoprotein with co...
Authors: J. van Unen, D. Botman, T. Yin, Y. I. Wu, M. A. Hink, T. W. J. Gadella Jr, M. Postma and J. Goedhart
Contactin1 (CNTN1) has been shown to play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of several tumors; however, the role of CNTN1 in breast cancer has not been fully studied. The purpose of this study i...
Authors: Nan Chen, Sai He, Jie Geng, Zhang-Jun Song, Pi-Hua Han, Juan Qin, Zheng Zhao, Yong-Chun Song, Hu-Xia Wang and Cheng-Xue Dang
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) become an attractive research topic because of their crucial roles in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. Foreskin is considered as a valuable tissue source containing imm...
Authors: Mehdi Najar, Emerence Crompot, Leo A. van Grunsven, Laurent Dollé and Laurence Lagneaux
The envelope protein of lentiviruses are type I transmembrane proteins, and their transmembrane domain contains conserved potentially charged residues. This highly unusual feature would be expected to cause en...
Authors: Jackie Perrin, Aurélie Bary, Alexandre Vernay and Pierre Cosson
Satellite cells (SC) and their descendants, muscle precursor cells (MPC), play a key role in postnatal muscle development, regeneration, and plasticity. Several studies have provided evidence that SC and MPC r...
Authors: Claudia Miersch, Katja Stange and Monika Röntgen
Globally, rhinitis is one of the most common chronic disorders. Despite availability of drugs to manage the symptomatology of rhinitis, researchers still focus on identification of novel molecular targets for ...
Authors: Nan Huang, Wenjing Li, Xiaolong Wang and Shanshan Qi
Carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAFs or myofibroblasts) are activated fibroblasts which participate in breast tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance. As such, recent efforts ...
Authors: Kathryn Woods, Catlyn Thigpen, Jennifer Peyling Wang, Hana Park and Abigail Hielscher
The cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 is important for tumor cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle regulation in a broad spectrum of malignancies. Syndecan-1, however, also transloca...
Authors: Tünde Szatmári, Filip Mundt, Ashish Kumar-Singh, Lena Möbus, Rita Ötvös, Anders Hjerpe and Katalin Dobra
The primary cilium is an extension of the cell membrane that encloses a microtubule-based axoneme. Primary cilia are essential for transmission of environmental cues that determine cell fate. Disruption of pri...
Authors: Nicole DeVaul, Katerina Koloustroubis, Rong Wang and Ann O. Sperry
Self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is directed by biological and/or physical cues that regulate multiple signaling cascades. We have previously shown that mESCs seeded in a type I ...
Authors: Olesja Hazenbiller, Neil A. Duncan and Roman J. Krawetz
Altered expression of mRNA splicing factors occurs with ageing in vivo and is thought to be an ageing mechanism. The accumulation of senescent cells also occurs in vivo with advancing age and causes much degen...
Authors: Eva Latorre, Vishal C. Birar, Angela N. Sheerin, J. Charles C. Jeynes, Amy Hooper, Helen R. Dawe, David Melzer, Lynne S. Cox, Richard G. A. Faragher, Elizabeth L. Ostler and Lorna W. Harries
Generalized methods for understanding the cell biology of non-model species are quite rare, yet very much needed. In order to address this issue, we have modified a technique traditionally used in the biomedic...
Authors: Benyamin Rosental, Zhanna Kozhekbaeva, Nathaniel Fernhoff, Jonathan M. Tsai and Nikki Traylor-Knowles
Cartilage degradation is the significant pathological process in osteoarthritis (OA). Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), activate various downstream mediators contributing to OA pathology....
Authors: Hao Wu, Zhanhai Yin, Ling Wang, Feng Li and Yusheng Qiu
Eph signaling is known to induce contrasting cell behaviors such as promoting and inhibiting cell adhesion/spreading by altering F-actin organization and influencing integrin activities. We have previously dem...
Authors: Midori Mukai, Norihiko Suruga, Noritaka Saeki and Kazushige Ogawa
Endophytes have proven to be an invaluable resource of chemically diverse secondary metabolites that act as excellent lead compounds for anticancer drug discovery. Here we report the promising cytotoxic effect...
Authors: Mytre Koul, Ashok Kumar, Ramesh Deshidi, Vishal Sharma, Rachna D. Singh, Jasvinder Singh, Parduman Raj Sharma, Bhahwal Ali Shah, Sundeep Jaglan and Shashank Singh
Staufen2 (STAU2) is an RNA-binding protein involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. This protein was shown to be required for organ formation and cell differentiation. Although STAU2...
Authors: Rémy Beaujois, Elizabeth Ottoni, Xin Zhang, Christina Gagnon, Sami HSine, Stéphanie Mollet, Wildriss Viranaicken and Luc DesGroseillers
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have the ability to self-renew and migrate to sites of pathology. In vivo tracking of MSCs provides insights into both, the underlying mechanism...
Authors: Yu Meng, Changzhen Shi, Bo Hu, Jian Gong, Xing Zhong, Xueyin Lin, Xinju Zhang, Jun Liu, Cong Liu and Hao Xu
In Dictyostelium discoideum, vesicular transport of the adenylyl cyclase A (ACA) to the posterior of polarized cells is essential to relay exogenous 3′,5′-cyclic
Authors: Satarupa Das, Joshua M. Parker, Can Guven, Weiye Wang, Paul W. Kriebel, Wolfgang Losert, Daniel R. Larson and Carole A. Parent
Autophagy is an inducible autodigestive process that allows cells to recycle proteins and other materials for survival during stress and nutrient deprived conditions. The kinase ULK1 is required to activate th...
Authors: Wenjia Gan, Caiyun Zhang, Ka Yu Siu, Ayano Satoh, Julian A. Tanner and Sidney Yu
Biomaterials are widely used to regenerate or substitute bone tissue. In order to evaluate their potential use for clinical applications, these need to be tested and evaluated in vitro with cell culture models...
Authors: Raquel Núñez-Toldrà, Ester Martínez-Sarrà, Carlos Gil-Recio, Miguel Ángel Carrasco, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Sheyla Montori and Maher Atari
Obesity is associated with multiple diseases, but it is unclear how obesity promotes progressive tissue damage. Recovery from injury requires repair, an energy-expensive process that is coupled to energy avail...
Authors: Guanhua Xie, Marzena Swiderska-Syn, Mark L. Jewell, Mariana Verdelho Machado, Gregory A. Michelotti, Richard T. Premont and Anna Mae Diehl
External root resorption, commonly starting from cementum, is a severe side effect of orthodontic treatment. In this pathological process and repairing course followed, cementoblasts play a significant role. P...
Authors: Yuyu Li, Zhiai Hu, Chenchen Zhou, Yang Xu, Li Huang, Xin Wang and Shujuan Zou
Environmental stress can affect the viability or fecundity of an organism. Environmental stressors may affect the genome or the proteome and can cause cellular distress by contributing to protein damage or mis...
Authors: Katherine M. Sampuda, Mason Riley and Lynn Boyd
